#What is DNS?

DNS, which stands for domain name system, is an Internet service that translates domains names into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. For example, when you visit Electric.com it must look up the corresponding IP address to that host name behind the scenes. This query is performed by a Domain Name Server (DNS server) or servers nearby that have been assigned responsibility for that host name. A DNS server is like a phone book for the Internet. It maintains a directory of domain names and translates them to IP addresses.

DNS servers don't control the Internet, they limit user's access. Some DNS Servers are faster, safer and less restrictive, while others are not. They are the gate keepers to the Internet. Some DNS servers track users and log their usage and others do not.

Internet Service Providers (IPS) offer clients access to the Internet. An IPS provider assigns an IP address to each client and stores their information on their DNS server. Some IPS providers tract and log client usage. Clients can use a Proxy Server to hide their IP address and cover their tracks.

A Proxy Server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource available from a different server and the proxy server evaluates the request as a way to simplify and control its complexity.

Proxy servers can hide a client's information or make it transparent to any DNS server. Their are two flavors of anonymity anonymous and highly anonymous. Proxy servers can provide access to faster, safer and less restrictive DNS servers. There are Internet websites that provide a list Proxy servers, all you have to do is click on one.

A client could hide their IP address or switch to another DNS server manually from their PC if they know how access Windows Internet Options

A DNS system consists of two type of servers:

Authoritative DNS Server

Recursive DNS Server

Recursive DNS Server s are like the phone operator looking up a phone number from multiple phone books on behalf of the requesting party (the users’ computer on behalf of an application), some phone books will list just last names, then other phone books exist per last name, and list first names.

Authoritative DNS Servers are like the Yellow Pages publishing multiple phone books, one per region. Yet they don’t actually create the phone book listings—that’s the responsibility of domain name registrars.

A domain name registrar is company that has been accredited by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) or a national country code top-level domain (TLD) (such as .uk or .ca) to register domain names. Domain name registration is a competitive industry, in which domains may be sold in a number of TLDs, including ".com," ".net," and ".org." among others.

Authoritative name servers store DNS record information –usually a DNS hosting provider or domain registrar. Recursive name servers are the “middlemen” between authoritative servers and end-users because they have to recurse up the DNS tree to reach the name servers authoritative for storing the domain’s records.

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